Acetaminophen, also known as paracetamol, is one of the most commonly used medicines for fever and pain relief across the world. Millions of people, including pregnant individuals, use it every week. Because of this, any concern about its safety during pregnancy receives wide attention.

In September 2025, a public warning in the United States suggested a possible link between acetaminophen use in pregnancy and an increased risk of autism in children. The announcement caused widespread anxiety among expecting parents and healthcare providers.

However, a new high-quality, gold-standard review published in a leading medical journal has now found no evidence that taking acetaminophen as directed during pregnancy increases the risk of autism, ADHD, or intellectual disability in children. Experts say the findings should reassure pregnant individuals who need safe options for pain or fever relief.

What the New Review Found

Researchers from multiple countries examined a large number of studies that looked at the possible link between acetaminophen use in pregnancy and neurodevelopmental disorders. They included studies that:

• followed pregnant individuals and their children over time
• clearly defined exposure to acetaminophen
• used medical records or validated questionnaires to diagnose autism, ADHD, or intellectual disability
• accounted for factors like family environment, genetics, infections, fever, or pain
• included sibling-comparison studies to reduce bias

Each study was assessed for quality and categorized as low, medium, or high risk of bias.

Key findings

In the strongest and most reliable studies, including those comparing siblings, researchers found:

• No link between acetaminophen use in pregnancy and autism
• No link with ADHD
• No link with intellectual disability

The review also pointed out that earlier studies suggesting a possible link suffered from major limitations, including high variation between studies and possible confounding factors.

Why These Findings Matter

Experts say this review provides the most reliable evidence available. It uses large sample sizes, long follow-up periods, and stronger methods to address bias.

A consultant gynecologist and obstetrician noted that the new review addresses limitations of earlier research. He stated that the findings align with what many clinicians have observed in practice and with results from large national registries.

A public health expert also emphasized that the review debunks widespread fear that grew during late 2025 due to media discussions and social media claims.

Why Treating Fever During Pregnancy Is Important

While some people worry about taking medicine during pregnancy, experts highlight that untreated fever itself can be dangerous.

Untreated fever in pregnancy has been linked to:

• miscarriage
• congenital abnormalities
• neurodevelopmental problems
• complications for both mother and baby

Both obstetricians and public health specialists stress that acetaminophen remains the safest recommended pain and fever reliever during pregnancy when used as directed. Avoiding necessary treatment due to fear can lead to real harm.

Autism Is Multifactorial, Not Caused by a Single Trigger

A psychiatrist specializing in autism and ADHD explains that autism has no single cause. Factors that may contribute include:

• strong genetic influences
• prematurity
• certain genetic syndromes
• pregnancy or birth complications

In many cases, no single cause can be identified. The new review helps reduce unnecessary anxiety and encourages families to focus on what matters most: early recognition, support, and appropriate care.

Conclusion

The latest, most rigorous scientific review offers clear reassurance. When used as directed, acetaminophen remains a safe choice for pain and fever relief during pregnancy. The evidence does not support a link between prenatal acetaminophen use and autism, ADHD, or intellectual disability.

Healthcare experts urge expecting parents to consult their clinicians, especially since untreated fever can pose real risks. Clear, evidence-based communication helps ensure safe decisions and reduces unnecessary worry.